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8 May 2008
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High-fat diet may reduce effectiveness of prostate cancer treatment
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MedWire News: Men with diets high in saturated fats are less likely to benefit from prostate cancer surgery than those with low-fat diets, researchers have found.
Previous studies have shown that obese prostate cancer patients are more likely to experience a rise in their levels of prostate-specific antigen - a protein that indicates prostate cancer growth - after surgery than their thinner counterparts, explain Dr Sara Strom, from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, USA, and team.
As obesity is associated with a high intake of saturated fats, the researchers investigated whether such a diet is responsible for reduced treatment effectiveness in obese men.
Dr Strom and colleagues studied data on 390 men who underwent prostate cancer surgery, called prostatectomy, at their centre. All the patients completed a dietary questionnaire detailing their intake of saturated fats, and their body mass indexes were also calculated.
In total, 78 of the men experienced a rise in their levels of prostate-specific antigen within 6 years of undergoing prostate cancer surgery
After accounting for body mass index, family history and other variables, the team found that men with diets high in saturated fats were nearly twice as likely to experience a rise in their prostate-specific antigen levels, called biochemical failure, during the study period as men with low-fat diets.
Furthermore, among men who experienced a rise in their levels of prostate-specific antigen, the time between surgery and biochemical failure was, on average, much shorter (27 months) in those with high-fat diets than in those with low-fat diets (45 months).
"These results expand upon our previous finding that obesity was associated with increased risk of biochemical failure following prostatectomy, and suggest that saturated fat intake plays a role in prostate cancer progression," Dr Strom and colleagues conclude in the International Journal of Cancer.
They add: "It is our hope that these results can be integrated into clinical practice to identify patients at high risk of progression following definitive therapy.
"Increasing our understanding of the interplay between modifiable factors, such as lifestyle (eg, diet) and disease characteristics, may lead to developing targeted interventions for patients at increased risk for biochemical failure."
Int J Cancer 2008; 122: 2581-2585
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117928924/abstract
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